Developmental Leisure

Childhood (Infancy to 12) -

This stage follows the development of fine motor skills and imaginative play during the years of infancy. Example of this include card/board games and creative art experiences like coloring/drawing.

 

Possible Constraints: Intrapersonal Constraints (Internal) – They may feel stress or anxiety toward a certain situation.

 

Adolescence (12 to18) -

The stage is the period of identity formation and independence among individuals during their junior high and high school experience. Some examples of things people do in this stage are team sports, social outings with friends, and discovering new personal interests. 

Possible Constraints: Interpersonal Constraints (External) – Involves a variety of influences from family/friends. They may also limit participation in activities.  

 

Early Adulthood (18 to 40s) -

This stage involves individuals reaching their physical “prime” while also carries significant life changes like education, family development, and intimate relationships. Emotional maturity continues to increase throughout this entire life stage.

Possible Constraints: Structural Constraints – This includes time and scheduling conflicts involving family and work, substantially limiting time to participate in leisure. 

 

Middle Adulthood (40s to 60s) -

This stage is characterized by a general decline of physical and cognitive function over time while reaching peak career performance at the same time . Some activities that fall into this stage are community engagement, family, or maintaining health.

Possible Constraints: Intrapersonal Constraints (Internal) – The increasing prevalence of declining physical condition, chronic illness, pain can lead to significant intrinsic constraints.

 

Older Adulthood (65+) -

This generally refers to the later stage of life, typically starting around age 65 and continuing through the end of life. It’s associated with retirement, changes in physical health, cognitive functioning, and changing social roles. 

Possible Constraints: Interpersonal Constraints (External) – As older adult continued to age, the loss of social networks (friends, spouses), changes in family roles, and feeling alienated gradually increase.